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Showing posts with label judges. Show all posts
Showing posts with label judges. Show all posts

Wednesday, May 10, 2017

INVISIBLE WOMAN, part 2: "The Levite's Concubine"

True story.

So, this preacher was married.  Well, he wasn’t really MARRIED, she was his live-in girlfriend/ common law wife, but they were in love.  Except she cheated on him ----- a lot.  Then she got mad at him for being mad at her for cheating on him --- a lot---- so she moved back to her daddy’s house.  So, the preacher went to her daddy’s house, and he was all, “Baby, please.  Come back, baby please, baby please,” and his girlfriend’s (ex-common law wife’s?) dad was like, “Look, son.  You can stay here for a few days while ya’ll work this out.”  So the dad and the preacher spent 3 days getting drunk together.  Three days turned into four.  Four days turned into five.  On the 6th day, the preacher was like, “No more.  No more.  Man, we gotta go.”  So, the very hung-over preacher and his ex-ex girlfriend left to resume living together.

And that is Judges chapter 19, verses 1-10.

The same social drama, the same unrepentantly un-Biblical behaviors and relationship that we think novel and particular to our post-modern Western culture were the norm in Israel 1300 years before Jesus was born.   The guiding philosophy of that kind of culture is summarized in the last verse of the book Judges:  In those days there was no king in Israel; everyone did what was right in his own eyes.

No one recognized objective ethical authority.  Every one believed they had a right to live and lust however they saw fit, and legally, they did.  There was no statutory authority (no king) prohibiting their behavior, but the absence of legal consequence didn’t eliminate moral and spiritual consequences. 

Providing hospitality, including short term lodging, to travelers was a basic expectation in ancient Israelite culture, but social norms were so corrupted and inverted in the era of Judges that the Levite and his concubine couldn’t find lodging for days, until an old Benjamite took them in. 

A mark of a broken culture is when basic human decency is the rare exception instead of the rule,
when being polite is so rare that we make memes to restore our faith in humanity. 

How bad does a society without a moral center become?   It gets Judges 19:22-30 bad.  When the men in town learned that they had visitors, some of them went to the old man’s house and asked to see the preacher ---- so they could rape him.  After negotiations, the men “settled” for brutally gang-raping the preacher’s girlfriend.   She died.


She died.


The next morning, her boyfriend the Levite, the preacher, the man who’d loved her so much that even though she’d cheated on him he still pleaded for restoration of their relationship ---- he stepped over her broken body and said, “Get up and let us be going” (verse 28).

He handed her over to be brutalized in his place and then he stepped over her.  Because he had somewhere else to be.


But, he didn’t forget about her.  No.  He took her body home where he cut her up into 12 pieces and mailed those pieces to each of the other tribes.  It was the bloody 1300 B.C. equivalent of recording a crime and posting it on Youtube.    Nobody could ignore the events in Gibeah because now
everybody had visible evidence of  what had happened. 

There was a national investigation. 

Then the children of Israel said, “Tell us, how did this wicked deed happen? (Judges 20:3)

The nation demanded justice. 

Then the tribes of Israel sent men through all the tribe of Benjamin, saying, “What is this wickedness that has occurred among you? 13 Now therefore, deliver up the men, the perverted men who are in Gibeah, that we may put them to death and remove the evil from Israel! (Judges 20:12, 13)

And the local courts said, “We won’t prosecute.”

But the children of Benjamin would not listen to the voice of their brethren, the children of Israel. (Judges 20: 13b)

Instead the community around the guilty men banded together and launched a counter-campaign. 

Instead, the children of Benjamin gathered together from their cities to Gibeah, to go to battle against the children of Israel. (Judges 20: 14)

There was a war.  65,000-plus soldiers died.  Dozens of villages were burned.  Uncounted thousands were displaced.  Basically, it was attempted internal genocide.  But it wasn’t just the guilty men and their enabling tribe who suffered.  God punished the entire nation.  Because the entire nation was guilty: guilty of hurting women or guilty of failing to protect them.

God punished the nation for failing to protect the woman.  For failing to protect women.


We don’t even know the name of the Levite’s concubine because none of them remembered.

They stepped over her.

Just like we do.

We do what we want, when we want, with whom we want.  We worship our freedom and so we worship our power.  We can so we do. And in a culture where power is an idol, the powerless are stepped on and stepped over.

In the story of the Levite’s concubine, the nation didn’t repent of its rape-culture.  The nation didn’t mourn a society so divorced from its Biblical roots (i.e. the Mosaic law) that sexual brutality had become entertainment.  The people of God didn’t consider why it took the visual of a woman’s chopped up body for them to respond to what had been going on in Gibeah for years.

They stepped over her.

Just like we do.

We post, like, comment, and share the viral stories of crimes against women over there.  But we avert our eyes to the bruised faces in our congregations.  We step over her.

She need us, she needs me, to fight for her while she still has breath, while she still has her innocence, while she still has a chance.   No more laughing at old men making vulgar jokes about little girls.  No more telling sisters that God wants them to reconcile with their abuser more than God wants their abuser to stop abusing.    No more having somewhere else I have to be more than I need to be getting her help.

I know it's not culturally acceptable to get involved, but this culture is broken, so why should I accept its ideas of acceptability?

I know that everybody makes their own choices, but as a Christian I don't get to use personal freedom as a cover for being evil and enabling evil.  As free, yet not using liberty as a cloak for vice, but as bondservants of God. (1 Peter 2: 16) 

It's time for the church to stop conforming to this broken, hyper-sexualized, lust-driven, rape-culture. 

We serve the God-Who-Sees, so we have to open our eyes.

No more invisible women.  

No more stepping over our sisters.  


---Anderson T. Graves II   is a writer, community organizer and consultant for education, ministry, and rural leadership development.

Rev. Anderson T. Graves II is pastor of Miles Chapel CME Church in Fairfield, Alabama;  executive director of the Substance Abuse Youth Networking Organization (SAYNO);  and director of rural leadership development for the National Institute for Human Development (NIHD).

Subscribe to my personal blog  www.andersontgraves.blogspot.com .

Email atgravestwo2@aol.com
Follow me on twitter @AndersonTGraves 

You can help support this ministry with a donation to Miles Chapel CME Church.

You can help support Rev. Graves’ work by visiting his personal blog and clicking the DONATE button on the right-hand sidebar.

Support by check or money order may be mailed to 
Miles Chapel CME Church
P O Box 132
Fairfield, Al 35064


Sunday, July 10, 2016

KILLING EACH OTHER

After two more high profile deaths of Black men at the hands of police officers, and the murder of five policemen in Dallas, it may seem like God has just thrown up His hands and walked away from us.  He hasn’t.  He’s been telling us about this moment for a long, long time.

Take a new look a 3,000 year old story that’s speaks to this particular moment.  

The title of the message is: KILLING EACH OTHER.


Listen well.

If you can’t get the audio on your device, visit the main podcast page at http://revandersongraves.podomatic.com/

---Anderson T. Graves II   is a writer, community organizer and consultant for education, ministry, and rural leadership development.

Rev. Anderson T. Graves II is pastor of Miles Chapel CME Church in Fairfield, Alabama;  executive director of the Substance Abuse Youth Networking Organization (SAYNO);  and director of rural leadership development for the National Institute for Human Development (NIHD).

Subscribe to my personal blog  www.andersontgraves.blogspot.com .

Email atgravestwo2@aol.com
Follow me on twitter @AndersonTGraves  #Awordtothewise 

You can help support this ministry with a donation to Miles Chapel CME Church.

You can help support Rev. Graves’ work by visiting his personal blog and clicking the DONATE button on the right-hand sidebar.

Support by check or money order may be mailed to 
Miles Chapel CME Church
P O Box 132

Fairfield, Al 35064

Wednesday, February 17, 2016

EULOGY FOR MILDRED LOCKHART

Mrs. Mildred Lockhart was 95 years old when she passed away.  After almost a century of life she left a legacy of laughter and love that reminds us that there’s always MORE.

I was honored to speak on that legacy in THE EULOGY FOR MILDRED LOCKHART.  


Listen well.


If you can’t get the audio on your device, visit the main podcast page at http://revandersongraves.podomatic.com/

---Anderson T. Graves II   is a writer, community organizer and consultant for education, ministry, and rural leadership development.

Rev. Anderson T. Graves II is pastor of Miles Chapel CME Church in Fairfield, Alabama;  executive director of the Substance Abuse Youth Networking Organization (SAYNO);  and director of rural leadership development for the National Institute for Human Development (NIHD).

Subscribe to my personal blog  www.andersontgraves.blogspot.com .

Email atgravestwo2@aol.com
Follow me on twitter @AndersonTGraves  #Awordtothewise 

You can help support this ministry with a donation to Miles Chapel CME Church.

You can help support Rev. Graves’ work by visiting his personal blog and clicking the DONATE button on the right-hand sidebar.

Support by check or money order may be mailed to 
Miles Chapel CME Church
P O Box 132
Fairfield, Al 35064

Sunday, April 19, 2015

MEN & WOMEN MOVING ON FAITH IN CHANGING TIMES

My, how times have changed.  In the days of the Judges in ancient Israel God’s people found themselves oppressed by enemies they should have defeated long before.  Men and women debated their roles as leaders in the time of crisis.  The people of God were under pressure to compromise with the culture.  The worship of God based on His written Word was in peril.

Well maybe times haven’t changed that much.

Find out how men and women of faith overcame insurmountable odds in the time of Judges and how their victory shows the path for ours.  The message is about MEN & WOMEN MOVING ON FAITH IN CHANGING TIMES.


Listen well.

If you can’t get the audio on your device, visit the main podcast page at http://revandersongraves.podomatic.com/

---Anderson T. Graves II   is a writer, community organizer and consultant for education, ministry, and rural leadership development.

Rev. Anderson T. Graves II is pastor of Miles Chapel CME Church in Fairfield, Alabama;  executive director of the Substance Abuse Youth Networking Organization (SAYNO);  and director of rural leadership development for the National Institute for Human Development (NIHD).

Subscribe to my personal blog  www.andersontgraves.blogspot.com .

Email atgravestwo2@aol.com
Follow me on twitter @AndersonTGraves  #Awordtothewise 

You can help support this ministry with a donation to Miles Chapel CME Church.

You can help support Rev. Graves’ work by visiting his personal blog and clicking the DONATE button on the right-hand sidebar.

Support by check or money order may be mailed to 
Miles Chapel CME Church
P O Box 132

Fairfield, Al 35064

Friday, March 20, 2015

HOW WINNERS LOSE




In the final two chapters of the book of Judges, Israel was divided into 2 warring factions.  There was an eleven tribe super-majority of “Israel” against the one-tribe minority of Benjamin.  In chapter 20, “Israel” went to war against the Israelites in the tribe of Benjamin.

The majority party represented the country and used its power to attack the minority party as though they weren’t citizens of the same country.  But, to be clear, the grounds for the attack were absolutely correct.  

(The reason was a horrific crime and a miscarriage of criminal justice. I wrote about it in a post called  “The Ugliest Chapters.”)

Before God let Israel win on the 3rd day, He  sent them into two days of battle where Israel was slaughtered by the Benjamite minority.    Losses were heavy on both sides, kinda like the Lord was punishing both parties.

Israel ultimately won and in Judges 20:36-39, the national government punished the criminals who had escaped local justice.  But they didn’t stop there. 

The men of Israel turned back against the children of Benjamin, and struck them down with the edge of the sword—from every city, men and beasts, all who were found. They also set fire to all the cities they came to. (Judges 20: 48)

Israel also swore an oath (signed a pledge) that “None of us shall give his daughter to Benjamin as a wife.” ( Judges 21: 1) 

With only about 600 Benjamite men surviving the incursion, this pledge amounted to genocide. 

See?  The ruling faction didn’t just deal with the issue; they set about to destroy everything and everybody associated with their opponents in the minority.

Sometimes the Republicans are the majority and the Democrats are Benjamin.  Sometimes, it’s the other way around.   Sometimes the old heads outnumber young adults 11-1.  Sometimes the younger perspective has a super-majority of support.

But when any human coalition comes into power in anger, Scripture and history teach us that no matter who the humans are, they tend to take their “mandate” too, too far.

You can win the war and lose your souls.


Here’s how you know that your group has crossed the line.  4 points. 
#1) You regret your own policies--- in secret.

God’s Law was careful, explicit, and emphatic about preserving both the national and tribal integrity of Israel.  There was a whole system of redemption and return to insure that no tribe would ever be without land.   

They [Israel] lifted up their voices and wept bitterly, and said, “O Lord God of Israel, why has this come to pass in Israel, that today there should be one tribe missing in Israel?” (Judges 21: 2-3)

#2) You have defeated the enemy but become the bad guys when you turn on  your own people when their morality contrasts your mistakes.   
 















Israel  made a great oath concerning anyone who had not come up to the Lord at Mizpah [against Benjamin], saying, “He shall surely be put to death.” (Judges 21: 5)

One clan had not participated in the slaughter of their countrymen, and for that offense, Israel attacked Jabesh Gilead. (Judges 21: 8-11)

#3) Your side has gone from victors to villains when you break your own rules trying to secretly sabotage a platform you publicly support.

Having signed a pledge committing themselves to never intermarry with the Benjamites, Israel arranged for the Benjamites to kidnap young women from the majority tribes while they looked the other way  (Judges 21: 12-24).


#4) Your victorious faction that has lost its corporate soul when you start blaming God for the consequences of you disobeying God.   


And the people grieved for Benjamin, because the Lord had made a void in the tribes of Israel. (Judges 21: 15)

Wait.  Who voided one of the tribes?   

Killing off ALL of Benjamin and preventing the survivors from reproducing was not God’s idea.

The Word of God commands us to hold criminals and corrupt officials accountable. But God does not give us license to target an entire community or an entire class of officials.

You don’t get to kill Black people just because they’re Black or police officers just because they’re police officers and then blame the ensuing chaos on God.

You don’t get to murder homosexuals just for being gay or discredit pastors just for believing what the Bible says about homosexuality and say that it’s what Jesus wants.

Well you can, because like the Jews in the time of Judges, we live in a culture where there is no king and everyone does what was right in his own eyes. (Judges 21: 25)

But if we let our power overrun God’s commands, we clear a path for everyone’s destruction. 

As I said in an earlier blog, the book of Judges is written out of chronological order.  The final chapters actually happened first.   In the rest of the book of Judges, the Jewish nation, Benjamin and all, spend the next few centuries in serial subjugation.   

Their Promised Land became an oppressed land because they did what we are doing.

1)      We come to power in anger and make rules that we regret.
2)      We attack our own people when they refuse to follow us into sin.
3)      We make unethical backroom deals with our opponents while we publicly pretend to support the official platform.
4)      And we blame God for all the chaos we create. 

This is how a victorious nation becomes a culture of losers. 

Consider it, take counsel, and speak. (Judges 19: 30)

Rev. Anderson T. Graves II is pastor of Miles Chapel CME Church in Fairfield, Alabama;  executive director of the Substance Abuse Youth Networking Organization (SAYNO);  and director of rural leadership development for the National Institute for Human Development (NIHD).

Subscribe to my personal blog  www.andersontgraves.blogspot.com .

Email atgravestwo2@aol.com
Follow me on twitter @AndersonTGraves 

You can help support this ministry with a donation to Miles Chapel CME Church.

You can help support Rev. Graves’ work by visiting his personal blog and clicking the DONATE button on the right-hand sidebar.

Support by check or money order may be mailed to 
Miles Chapel CME Church
P O Box 132

Fairfield, Al 35064

Thursday, March 12, 2015

THE UGLIEST CHAPTERS


The last 3 chapters of the book of Judges are ---- disturbing.   And relevant.  And more disturbing because they are so relevant.

In chapter 19 a woman cheated on her husband, a preacher (Levite).  Then she left him, and moved back in with her father.    Her father not only took her back but when the reverend arrived to speak kindly to her and bring her back, Big Daddy got him drunk and tried to keep them from leaving (Judges 19: 1-9).

Unfaithful spouses, unequal yoking, indulgent and enabling parents of adult “children.”  Sin followed by more sin.  That was the culture in Old Testament Israel, post-Joshua.   And it got worse. 

On their way home no other Jew would offer the preacher and his wife the customary hospitality, except one nice old man coming home from work in a Benjamite village (19: 16-21).   That night men descended on the nice old man’s house and tried to sexually assault the preacher (Judges 19:22).  These weren’t pagans.  They were “good” Jewish men descended from Israel’s youngest and most cherished son. 

When they couldn’t get to the Levite himself, they gang-raped his wife.  The attack was so brutal that she died. (19: 25-28)

Her husband had a mental breakdown, carried his wife’s brutalized body home, and cut her up into 12 pieces which he mailed to each of the tribes of Israel.  (19: 29-30)

Let’s just pause there for a second so you can form the appropriate mental images.


Representatives from every tribe, except Benjamin, met, but they didn’t know what the crap to do. 

And so it was that all who saw it said, “No such deed has been done or seen from the day that the children of Israel came up from the land of Egypt until this day. Consider it, confer, and speak up!” (Judges 19: 30)

Eventually they assembled the combined army and demanded justice--- justice in the national interest. 

Deliver up the men, the perverted men who are in Gibeah, that we may put them to death and remove the evil from Israel! (Judges 20:13)

Crickets were heard in Benjamin.  

There would be no punishment, no trial, no investigation.   Benjamin basically said, “And?  What you gonna do about?”

 

So they went to war, tribe against tribes, Jew against Jew.  In 3 days, more than 65,000 died on both sides.   (Judges 20; 21)

One sin, followed by more sin, followed by inhumanity, followed by brutality, lead to confusion, protest, resistance, and war.

Where do wars and fights come from among you? Do they not come from your desires for pleasure that war in your members?  (James 4: 1)

The Disturbing Relevance
Early this morning  in Ferguson, MO,  during a protest in support of a federal report finding racial injustice in policing, two police officers were shot.   

Sin, followed by more sin, followed by inhumanity, followed by brutality, lead to confusion, protest, resistance, and war.

Human beings in America in the 21st century are fundamentally the same as human beings in Israel 1300 years before Jesus was born.    We are prone to the same patterns, subject to the same national tragedies unless we consider: Where do wars and fights come from among you?

Sin, followed by more sin, followed by inhumanity, followed by brutality, lead to confusion, protest, resistance, and war.

Do they not come from your desires for pleasure that war in your members?

On one side, extremists will use the attack on the Ferguson police officers to validate racism and police brutality.  On the other side, extremists will use the attack to inspire more and worse violence against police and civil authority.    They’ll demand that everybody choose one side or the other.

The children of Israel said, “Who is there among all the tribes of Israel who did not come up with the assembly to the Lord [against Benjamin]?” For they had made a great oath concerning anyone who had not come up to the Lord at Mizpah, saying, “He shall surely be put to death.” (Judges 21: 5)

But side-taking only makes things worse.

War comes from our insistence on what we want over all other concerns.  War is averted when we want righteousness over all other concerns.    That means we won’t lie to win.  We won’t steal or defraud “for the cause.”  We won’t treat others less than we would want to be treated, even if it requires us to go against our own tribe.

One Last Disturbing Thing.
The book of Judges is not written in chronological order.  (See timeline.).  The events in the last 3 chapters actually happened first, BEFORE anything else in the book. 

The nation of Israel, living in the Promised Land, experienced 3 centuries of depravity, depression, and oppression under the Moabites, Philistines, Jebusites, Amorites, etc., etc.  And it all began with their failure to stop the cycle of disturbing events in Judges chapters 19-21.

So now, what are we going to do?

---Anderson T. Graves II   is a writer, community organizer and consultant for education, ministry, and rural leadership development.

Rev. Anderson T. Graves II is pastor of Miles Chapel CME Church in Fairfield, Alabama;  executive director of the Substance Abuse Youth Networking Organization (SAYNO);  and director of rural leadership development for the National Institute for Human Development (NIHD).

Subscribe to my personal blog  www.andersontgraves.blogspot.com .

Email atgravestwo2@aol.com
Follow me on twitter @AndersonTGraves 

You can help support this ministry with a donation to Miles Chapel CME Church.

You can help support Rev. Graves’ work by visiting his personal blog and clicking the DONATE button on the right-hand sidebar.

Support by check or money order may be mailed to 
Miles Chapel CME Church
P O Box 132

Fairfield, Al 35064

Sunday, November 30, 2014

GOOD GUYS GONE BAD


The hero in the zombie series “The Walking Dead” is Rick Grimes, a former sheriff.    When the series began Rick had a strong moral center, a need to protect, and a desire to build something good in a world gone very, very wrong.  Often, Rick was placed in scenes opposite ruthless villains so that the audience could hear Rick’s hopeful lines in contrast to the slick, manipulative, self-justifying monologues of the villains.

But our hero Rick has changed.

The bad guy this past season was a cannibal named Garrett, whose response to one his victim’s plea for mercy was, “There is no going back, Bob."

In the mid-season finale a handcuffed, unarmed police officer begged Sheriff Grimes to take him back to the group’s camp.  Rick replied, “There is no going back, Bob.”   Then he shot him in the face.

It didn’t have to be that way.  Rick didn’t have to take it that far. 

Like the real-life Biblical figure Jephthah.

Jephthah is one of the most inspiring characters in the Bible.   He was the progeny of his father’s adulterous liaison with a prostitute.  As soon as his father died, his brothers kicked him out, and he became the leader of a street gang.  (Judges 11: 1-3)

God raised Jephthah up out of the gutter and made him the leader of the Jewish people, one of the great Judges of Israel.  Under Jephthah’s leadership, a minor clan on the neglected side of the Israelite nation freed the children of Israel from 18 years of oppression under the pagan Ammonite nation. (Judges 11: 4-33)

But along the way, Jephthah did something terrible.  He made a hasty and unnecessary promise to God, though surely it seemed like a good idea at the time.  It certainly sounded holy and pious when he said it.

And Jephthah made a vow to the Lord, and said, “If You will indeed deliver the people of Ammon into my hands, then it will be that whatever comes out of the doors of my house to meet me, when I return in peace from the people of Ammon, shall surely be the Lord’s, and I will offer it up as a burnt offering.”  (Judges 11: 30, 31)

God didn’t ask Jephthah for that promise.  God didn’t offer victory in exchange for a burnt offering.  Right before Jephthah made the vow (verse 29) God had given Spiritual assurance to Jephthah that the battle was God’s will.  He didn’t have to take it that far.

Under Jephthah's leadership, the Gileadite clan of Israel won the battle, but when Jephthah came to his house at Mizpah, there was his daughter, coming out to meet him with timbrels and dancing; and she was his only child. Besides her he had neither son nor daughter. (Judges 11:34)

In Leviticus 18:21, and Leviticus 20 God explicitly and repeatedly prohibited human sacrifice, even making such practice a capital offense; but Jephthah the man who came of age on the streets where nothing is free and you live or die by your word; Jephthah could not back down.

He killed his own daughter.  And something in this great man changed.   Jephthah had long been a warrior, but something changed.  He became a harder, morally compromised, ruthless, and broken version of the hero he had been.

In chapter 12, a group from the powerful Ephraimite tribe of Israel crossed the Jordan and confronted Jephthah.  They insulted him and his clan.  They laid claim to the treasure the Jephthah had taken in battle, and they attacked.  Jephthah’s Gileadites won the battle, but for Jephthah victory was not enough.

He set up checkpoints along the Jordan River, and had his soldiers question every man trying to cross over to the Ephraimite side. 

And when any Ephraimite who escaped said, “Let me cross over,” the men of Gilead would say to him, “Are you an Ephraimite?” If he said, “No,” then they would say to him, “Then say, ‘Shibboleth’!”
And he would say, “Sibboleth,” for he could not pronounce it right. Then they would take him and kill him at the fords of the Jordan. (Judges 12: 5, 6)

Jephthah ordered the slaughter of anyone----armed, unarmed, fighting, or surrendered------anyone who even sounded like one of the people who had dared to insult him.

They killed 42,000 fellow Jews that day.  He killed more of his people than the people he had been protecting his people from.

Did it have to be that way?  Did Jephtah have to go so far?

No.  

But each of us, like Jephthah and Rick Grimes, are just a few moral compromises from going too far.  Each of us may be just one or just one more terrible, pointless human sacrifice away from becoming the villain we thought only other people were.

“We push ourselves and let things go. Then we let some more go and then some more. And pretty soon, there's things we can't get back. Things we couldn't hold on to even if we tried.”   
--- Bob Stookey, “The Walking Dead”

Stop and remember why you started fighting in the first place.  Remember what you were supposed to be building.  Remember how you were supposed to make it better. 

Don’t let that go.

Don’t let the means dictate the end.

Don’t let yourself become the villain.

And if you already have, contrary to what some characters say, you can go back.

That’s the chapter left for every lost hero or villain to write themselves:  Redemption.  And you don't play that scene alone.

“Come now, and let us reason together,” Says the Lord, “Though your sins are like scarlet, They shall be as white as snow; Though they are red like crimson, They shall be as wool.  (Isaiah 1: 18)

---Anderson T. Graves II   is a writer, community organizer and consultant for education, ministry, and rural leadership development.

Rev. Anderson T. Graves II is pastor of Miles Chapel CME Church in Fairfield, Alabama;  executive director of the Substance Abuse Youth Networking Organization (SAYNO);  and director of rural leadership development for the National Institute for Human Development (NIHD).

Subscribe to my personal blog  www.andersontgraves.blogspot.com .

Email atgravestwo2@aol.com

You can help support this ministry with a donation to Miles Chapel CME Church.

You can help support Rev. Graves’ work by visiting his personal blog and clicking the DONATE button on the right-hand sidebar.

Support by check or money order may be mailed to 
Miles Chapel CME Church
P O Box 132
Fairfield, Al 35064